Eczema insights from a GP who loves skin

As a GP with a special interest in skin, I frequently encounter patients struggling with eczema, a condition that can significantly impact their quality of life. Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, presents unique challenges due to its chronic nature and varying triggers that are often difficult to pinpoint. Through my experience, I've come to understand that effective management requires a personalised approach tailored to each patient's specific needs.

Understanding Eczema

Eczema manifests differently in each individual, ranging from mild, occasional flare-ups to severe, persistent symptoms. It is characterised by red, inflamed skin often accompanied by intense itching, which can lead to scratching and further exacerbate the condition. Common areas affected include the face, hands, elbows, and knees, though it can appear anywhere on the body.

Key Principles of Eczema Management

1. Identification of Triggers:

One of the first steps in managing eczema is identifying and avoiding triggers that exacerbate symptoms. These triggers can vary widely and may include certain fabrics, soaps, detergents, stress, allergens (like certain foods), and climate changes. Keeping a detailed journal can often help in pinpointing specific triggers.

2. Moisturisation:

Proper skincare is essential in managing eczema. Regular moisturisation helps to maintain the skin's barrier function, preventing dryness and reducing the likelihood of flare-ups. I often recommend fragrance-free, hypoallergenic moisturisers (otherwise known as emollients) to my patients. I’ve even created one myself!

3. Topical Treatments:

For many patients, topical corticosteroids and other medications are sometimes prescribed to reduce inflammation during flare-ups. It's crucial to educate patients on the correct application technique and the importance of adhering to prescribed treatment schedules. We also look for signs of secondary bacterial infection due to broken skin as a result of poorly managed eczema, which require antibiotics.

4. Lifestyle Modification:

Lifestyle factors such as stress management, diet modifications, and appropriate clothing choices can play a significant role in managing eczema. Stress, for example, is a known trigger for many individuals, so relaxation techniques or counselling may be beneficial.

5. Regular Follow-ups:

Eczema is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management. Regular follow-up appointments with your GP or dermatologist allow for monitoring of progress, adjustment of treatment plans as needed, and providing ongoing support and education to patients and their families.

Patient-Centred Care

In my practice, I emphasise the importance of patient-centred care when treating eczema. Each patient's experience with eczema is unique, and their treatment plan should reflect this. I take the time to listen to my patients' concerns, educate them about their condition, and involve them in decision-making regarding their treatment options.

Managing eczema effectively requires a multifaceted approach that addresses both the physical symptoms and the emotional impact it can have on patients and their families. By staying informed about the latest research, collaborating with specialists when necessary, and maintaining open communication with patients, we can optimise eczema care and improve outcomes for those living with this chronic condition.

The core element, however, is maintaining a healthy skin barrier. This is a long term goal and takes dedication. Eczema warriors, we see you, we hear you, we are trying our best to fight the fight alongside you!